Latest research from the International ERIA Consortium, led by scientists in Vienna have shown that the same signaling pathway is essential to the growth of cancer cells in various forms of ALCL(Anaplastic large-cell lymphomas are rare cancers of the white blood cells.): TYK2 (tyrosine kinase 2, an important component of the immune system) prevents apoptotic cell death by increasing the production of Mcl1, a special type of protein belonging to the BCL2 family. Due to its unique enzymatic composition, TYK2 is therefore an interesting therapeutic target, making TYK2-specific inhibitors highly promising as new therapeutic agents in ALCL.
A particularly fruitful area of personalized medicine in cancer treatment, where improved diagnostic methods are able to break down cancers into increasingly smaller subcategories, thereby making it possible to apply individual treatment strategies. The molecular analysis of human tumour samples has become a main focus of cancer research.So that we can identify new therapeutic targets and validate them in tumor models which will allows us to improve the clinical management of cancer patients.
However, this faces clinicians with several challenges, including increasingly comprehensive diagnostics as well as the problem of adequately validating this data for smaller patient groups. This is all the more urgent in the case of rare cancers such as ALCL, where the number of patients is so small.
"We were therefore able to regard the TYK2 signals as the Achilles heel of ALCL, since both types of ALCL that we investigated relied on its activity to maintain the essential signal to protect against cell death.Attenuating the TYK2 signal in the cell culture resulted in rapid cell death and, in ALCL model mice, in which TYK2 was genetically switched off, the researchers observed that the laboratory animals survived for longer." explains Olaf Merkel
Lukas Kenner, MedUni Vienna and the Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research and co-founder of the European Research Initiative stresses that "We look forward to TYK2 inhibitors, which are currently being developed for treating immunological diseases, being available, since we urgently need better treatments for rare lymphomas"
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